Click here to close
Hello! We notice that you are using Internet Explorer, which is not supported by Xenbase and may cause the site to display incorrectly.
We suggest using a current version of Chrome,
FireFox, or Safari.
Mol Cell Biol
1998 Mar 01;183:1467-76. doi: 10.1128/MCB.18.3.1467.
Show Gene links
Show Anatomy links
Repression of TFIIH transcriptional activity and TFIIH-associated cdk7 kinase activity at mitosis.
Long JJ
,
Leresche A
,
Kriwacki RW
,
Gottesfeld JM
.
???displayArticle.abstract???
Nuclear transcription is repressed when eukaryotic cells enter mitosis. Mitotic repression of transcription of various cellular and viral gene promoters by RNA polymerase II can be reproduced in vitro either with extracts prepared from cells arrested at mitosis with the microtubule polymerization inhibitor nocodazole or with nuclear extracts prepared from asynchronous cells and the mitotic protein kinase cdc2/cyclin B. Purified cdc2/cyclin B kinase is also sufficient to inhibit transcription in reconstituted transcription reactions with biochemically purified and recombinant basal transcription factors and RNA polymerase II. The cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21Waf1/Cip1/Sdi1 can reverse the effect of cdc2/cyclin B kinase, indicating that repression of transcription is due to protein phosphorylation. Transcription rescue and inhibition experiments with each of the basal factors and the polymerase suggest that multiple components of the transcription machinery are inactivated by cdc2/cyclin B kinase. For an activated promoter, targets of repression are TFIID and TFIIH, while for a basal promoter, TFIIH is the major target for mitotic inactivation of transcription. Protein labeling experiments indicate that the p62 and p36 subunits of TFIIH are in vitro substrates for mitotic phosphorylation. Using the carboxy-terminal domain of the large subunit of RNA polymerase II as a test substrate for phosphorylation, the TFIIH-associated kinase, cdk7/cyclin H, is inhibited concomitant with inhibition of transcription activity. Our results suggest that there exist multiple phosphorylation targets for the global shutdown of transcription at mitosis.
Adamczewski,
MAT1, cdk7 and cyclin H form a kinase complex which is UV light-sensitive upon association with TFIIH.
1996, Pubmed
Adamczewski,
MAT1, cdk7 and cyclin H form a kinase complex which is UV light-sensitive upon association with TFIIH.
1996,
Pubmed
Buermeyer,
The HIP1 initiator element plays a role in determining the in vitro requirement of the dihydrofolate reductase gene promoter for the C-terminal domain of RNA polymerase II.
1992,
Pubmed
Cisek,
Phosphorylation of RNA polymerase by the murine homologue of the cell-cycle control protein cdc2.
1989,
Pubmed
Dahmus,
Phosphorylation of the C-terminal domain of RNA polymerase II.
1995,
Pubmed
Dahmus,
The role of multisite phosphorylation in the regulation of RNA polymerase II activity.
1994,
Pubmed
Dignam,
Eukaryotic gene transcription with purified components.
1983,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Drapkin,
The multifunctional TFIIH complex and transcriptional control.
1994,
Pubmed
Fischer,
Cloning of the 62-kilodalton component of basic transcription factor BTF2.
1992,
Pubmed
Flores,
Factors involved in specific transcription by mammalian RNA polymerase II. Identification and characterization of factor IIH.
1992,
Pubmed
Gebara,
Phosphorylation of the carboxy-terminal repeat domain in RNA polymerase II by cyclin-dependent kinases is sufficient to inhibit transcription.
1997,
Pubmed
Gottesfeld,
Mitotic repression of RNA polymerase III transcription in vitro mediated by phosphorylation of a TFIIIB component.
1994,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Gottesfeld,
Mitotic repression of the transcriptional machinery.
1997,
Pubmed
Harper,
Inhibition of cyclin-dependent kinases by p21.
1995,
Pubmed
Harper,
The p21 Cdk-interacting protein Cip1 is a potent inhibitor of G1 cyclin-dependent kinases.
1993,
Pubmed
Hartl,
Mitotic repression of transcription in vitro.
1993,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Hernandez,
TBP, a universal eukaryotic transcription factor?
1993,
Pubmed
Hershkovitz,
Metaphase chromosome analysis by ligation-mediated PCR: heritable chromatin structure and a comparison of active and inactive X chromosomes.
1995,
Pubmed
Hsu,
Cell cycle regulation of glucocorticoid receptor function.
1992,
Pubmed
Hunter,
The regulation of transcription by phosphorylation.
1992,
Pubmed
Jackson,
Regulating transcription factor activity by phosphorylation.
1992,
Pubmed
Johnson,
Ribonucleic acid and protein synthesis in mitotic HeLa cells.
1965,
Pubmed
Kim,
The major late promoter of adenovirus-2 is accurately transcribed by RNA polymerases IIO, IIA, and IIB.
1989,
Pubmed
Kim,
Splicing factors associate with hyperphosphorylated RNA polymerase II in the absence of pre-mRNA.
1997,
Pubmed
Kriwacki,
Structural studies of p21Waf1/Cip1/Sdi1 in the free and Cdk2-bound state: conformational disorder mediates binding diversity.
1996,
Pubmed
Lee,
Inhibition of the association of RNA polymerase II with the preinitiation complex by a viral transcriptional repressor.
1996,
Pubmed
Leresche,
Repression of RNA polymerase II and III transcription during M phase of the cell cycle.
1996,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Li,
Interplay of positive and negative effectors in function of the C-terminal repeat domain of RNA polymerase II.
1994,
Pubmed
Lu,
The nonphosphorylated form of RNA polymerase II preferentially associates with the preinitiation complex.
1991,
Pubmed
Lüscher,
Mitosis-specific phosphorylation of the nuclear oncoproteins Myc and Myb.
1992,
Pubmed
Martínez-Balbás,
Displacement of sequence-specific transcription factors from mitotic chromatin.
1995,
Pubmed
Mäkelä,
A kinase-deficient transcription factor TFIIH is functional in basal and activated transcription.
1995,
Pubmed
Orphanides,
The general transcription factors of RNA polymerase II.
1996,
Pubmed
PRESCOTT,
Synthesis of RNA and protein during mitosis in mammalian tissue culture cells.
1962,
Pubmed
Parvin,
Promoter specificity of basal transcription factors.
1992,
Pubmed
Peterson,
DNA binding provides a signal for phosphorylation of the RNA polymerase II heptapeptide repeats.
1992,
Pubmed
Proudfoot,
Structure and in vitro transcription of human globin genes.
1980,
Pubmed
Sawadogo,
Factors involved in specific transcription by human RNA polymerase II: analysis by a rapid and quantitative in vitro assay.
1985,
Pubmed
Schaeffer,
DNA repair helicase: a component of BTF2 (TFIIH) basic transcription factor.
1993,
Pubmed
Segil,
Mitotic regulation of TFIID: inhibition of activator-dependent transcription and changes in subcellular localization.
1996,
Pubmed
Serizawa,
A carboxyl-terminal-domain kinase associated with RNA polymerase II transcription factor delta from rat liver.
1992,
Pubmed
Sheridan,
Activation of the HIV-1 enhancer by the LEF-1 HMG protein on nucleosome-assembled DNA in vitro.
1995,
Pubmed
Shiekhattar,
Cdk-activating kinase complex is a component of human transcription factor TFIIH.
1995,
Pubmed
Smale,
The "initiator" as a transcription control element.
1989,
Pubmed
Smythe,
Coupling of mitosis to the completion of S phase in Xenopus occurs via modulation of the tyrosine kinase that phosphorylates p34cdc2.
1992,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Solomon,
Cyclin activation of p34cdc2.
1990,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Svejstrup,
The multiple roles of transcription/repair factor TFIIH.
1996,
Pubmed
Usheva,
Specific interaction between the nonphosphorylated form of RNA polymerase II and the TATA-binding protein.
1992,
Pubmed
White,
Mitotic regulation of a TATA-binding-protein-containing complex.
1995,
Pubmed
Wolf,
Role of maturation-promoting factor (p34cdc2-cyclin B) in differential expression of the Xenopus oocyte and somatic-type 5S RNA genes.
1994,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Xiong,
p21 is a universal inhibitor of cyclin kinases.
1993,
Pubmed
Yankulov,
Regulation of CDK7 substrate specificity by MAT1 and TFIIH.
1997,
Pubmed
Zawel,
The cycling of RNA polymerase II during transcription.
1993,
Pubmed
Zehring,
The C-terminal repeat domain of RNA polymerase II largest subunit is essential in vivo but is not required for accurate transcription initiation in vitro.
1988,
Pubmed
Zhang,
p21 is a component of active cell cycle kinases.
1994,
Pubmed
Zhou,
Novel mechanism and factor for regulation by HIV-1 Tat.
1995,
Pubmed
el-Deiry,
WAF1, a potential mediator of p53 tumor suppression.
1993,
Pubmed