Click here to close
Hello! We notice that you are using Internet Explorer, which is not supported by Xenbase and may cause the site to display incorrectly.
We suggest using a current version of Chrome,
FireFox, or Safari.
Mol Cell Biol
2005 Aug 01;2515:6303-13. doi: 10.1128/MCB.25.15.6303-6313.2005.
Show Gene links
Show Anatomy links
Binding of hnRNP L to the pre-mRNA processing enhancer of the herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase gene enhances both polyadenylation and nucleocytoplasmic export of intronless mRNAs.
Guang S
,
Felthauser AM
,
Mertz JE
.
???displayArticle.abstract???
Liu and Mertz (Genes Dev. 9:1766-1780, 1995) previously identified a 119-nt pre-mRNA processing enhancer (PPE) element within the herpes simplex virus type 1 thymidine kinase gene that enables intron-independent gene expression in higher eukaryotes by binding heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein L (hnRNP L). Here, we identify a 49-nt subelement within this PPE that enhanced stability, polyadenylation, and cytoplasmic accumulation of transcripts synthesized in CV-1 cells from an intronless variant of the human beta-globin gene when present in two or more tandem copies. This 2xTK49 PPE also enhanced (i) the efficiency of polyadenylation of intronless beta-globin RNA in a cell-free polyadenylation system and (ii) the kinetics of nucleocytoplasmic export of an intronless variant of adenovirus major late leader region RNA in Xenopus oocytes. This 2xTK49 PPE bound only hnRNP L. Analysis of 2xTK49 PPE mutants showed a strong positive correlation existed between binding hnRNP L and enhancement of intronless beta-globin gene expression. hnRNP L was found to associate with both the mRNA export factor TAP and the exon-exon junction complex protein Aly/REF. Thus, we conclude that hnRNP L plays roles in enhancing stability, polyadenylation, and nucleocytoplasmic export; it does so, at least in part, by directly recruiting to intronless PPE-containing RNAs cofactors normally recruited to intron-containing RNAs.
Bray,
A small element from the Mason-Pfizer monkey virus genome makes human immunodeficiency virus type 1 expression and replication Rev-independent.
1994, Pubmed
Bray,
A small element from the Mason-Pfizer monkey virus genome makes human immunodeficiency virus type 1 expression and replication Rev-independent.
1994,
Pubmed
Buchman,
Comparison of intron-dependent and intron-independent gene expression.
1988,
Pubmed
Chen,
ICP27 interacts with the RNA export factor Aly/REF to direct herpes simplex virus type 1 intronless mRNAs to the TAP export pathway.
2002,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Collis,
Definition of the minimal requirements within the human beta-globin gene and the dominant control region for high level expression.
1990,
Pubmed
Dignam,
Accurate transcription initiation by RNA polymerase II in a soluble extract from isolated mammalian nuclei.
1983,
Pubmed
Donello,
The hepatitis B virus posttranscriptional regulatory element is composed of two subelements.
1996,
Pubmed
Donello,
Woodchuck hepatitis virus contains a tripartite posttranscriptional regulatory element.
1998,
Pubmed
Dreyfuss,
hnRNP proteins and the biogenesis of mRNA.
1993,
Pubmed
Ernst,
A structured retroviral RNA element that mediates nucleocytoplasmic export of intron-containing RNA.
1997,
Pubmed
Good,
The late spliced 19S and 16S RNAs of simian virus 40 can be synthesized from a common pool of transcripts.
1988,
Pubmed
Grüter,
TAP, the human homolog of Mex67p, mediates CTE-dependent RNA export from the nucleus.
1998,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Guang,
Pre-mRNA processing enhancer (PPE) elements from intronless genes play additional roles in mRNA biogenesis than do ones from intron-containing genes.
2005,
Pubmed
Hahm,
Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein L interacts with the 3' border of the internal ribosomal entry site of hepatitis C virus.
1998,
Pubmed
Hamilton,
hnRNP A2 and hnRNP L bind the 3'UTR of glucose transporter 1 mRNA and exist as a complex in vivo.
1999,
Pubmed
Hector,
Dual requirement for yeast hnRNP Nab2p in mRNA poly(A) tail length control and nuclear export.
2002,
Pubmed
Huang,
Intronless mRNA transport elements may affect multiple steps of pre-mRNA processing.
1999,
Pubmed
Huang,
Splicing factors SRp20 and 9G8 promote the nucleocytoplasmic export of mRNA.
2001,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Huang,
SR splicing factors serve as adapter proteins for TAP-dependent mRNA export.
2003,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Huang,
A molecular link between SR protein dephosphorylation and mRNA export.
2004,
Pubmed
Hui,
HnRNP L stimulates splicing of the eNOS gene by binding to variable-length CA repeats.
2003,
Pubmed
Hui,
Novel functional role of CA repeats and hnRNP L in RNA stability.
2003,
Pubmed
Izaurralde,
A novel family of nuclear transport receptors mediates the export of messenger RNA to the cytoplasm.
2002,
Pubmed
Kim,
Protein-protein interaction among hnRNPs shuttling between nucleus and cytoplasm.
2000,
Pubmed
Krecic,
hnRNP complexes: composition, structure, and function.
1999,
Pubmed
Le Hir,
The spliceosome deposits multiple proteins 20-24 nucleotides upstream of mRNA exon-exon junctions.
2000,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Le Hir,
The exon-exon junction complex provides a binding platform for factors involved in mRNA export and nonsense-mediated mRNA decay.
2001,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Le Hir,
How introns influence and enhance eukaryotic gene expression.
2003,
Pubmed
Lei,
Protein and RNA export from the nucleus.
2002,
Pubmed
Liu,
HnRNP L binds a cis-acting RNA sequence element that enables intron-dependent gene expression.
1995,
Pubmed
Liu,
Sequence of the polypyrimidine tract of the 3'-terminal 3' splicing signal can affect intron-dependent pre-mRNA processing in vivo.
1996,
Pubmed
Liu,
Polyadenylation site selection cannot occur in vivo after excision of the 3'-terminal intron.
1993,
Pubmed
Lu,
Analysis of the stimulatory effect of splicing on mRNA production and utilization in mammalian cells.
2003,
Pubmed
Luo,
Splicing is required for rapid and efficient mRNA export in metazoans.
1999,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Lykke-Andersen,
Communication of the position of exon-exon junctions to the mRNA surveillance machinery by the protein RNPS1.
2001,
Pubmed
Mathews,
Expanded sequence dependence of thermodynamic parameters improves prediction of RNA secondary structure.
1999,
Pubmed
McCracken,
SRm160 splicing coactivator promotes transcript 3'-end cleavage.
2002,
Pubmed
Niwa,
Polyadenylation precedes splicing in vitro.
1991,
Pubmed
Niwa,
In vitro polyadenylation is stimulated by the presence of an upstream intron.
1990,
Pubmed
Otero,
Splicing-independent expression of the herpes simplex virus type 1 thymidine kinase gene is mediated by three cis-acting RNA subelements.
1998,
Pubmed
Pasquinelli,
The constitutive transport element (CTE) of Mason-Pfizer monkey virus (MPMV) accesses a cellular mRNA export pathway.
1997,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Piñol-Roma,
A novel heterogeneous nuclear RNP protein with a unique distribution on nascent transcripts.
1989,
Pubmed
Piñol-Roma,
Shuttling of pre-mRNA binding proteins between nucleus and cytoplasm.
1992,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Reed,
A conserved mRNA export machinery coupled to pre-mRNA splicing.
2002,
Pubmed
Ryu,
Simian virus 40 late transcripts lacking excisable intervening sequences are defective in both stability in the nucleus and transport to the cytoplasm.
1989,
Pubmed
Shih,
Regulation of human vascular endothelial growth factor mRNA stability in hypoxia by heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein L.
1999,
Pubmed
Stutz,
REF, an evolutionary conserved family of hnRNP-like proteins, interacts with TAP/Mex67p and participates in mRNA nuclear export.
2000,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Yu,
Expression from herpesvirus promoters does not relieve the intron requirement for cytoplasmic accumulation of human beta-globin mRNA.
1991,
Pubmed
Zhou,
The protein Aly links pre-messenger-RNA splicing to nuclear export in metazoans.
2000,
Pubmed
Zuker,
Mfold web server for nucleic acid folding and hybridization prediction.
2003,
Pubmed
