Wilmore HP et al. (2005), Expression profile of the RNA-binding protein g...

XB-ART-1894

Dev Dyn 2005 Jul 01;2333:1045-51. doi: 10.1002/dvdy.20392.

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Expression profile of the RNA-binding protein gene hermes during chicken embryonic development.

Wilmore HP , McClive PJ , Smith CA , Sinclair AH .

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The hermes gene encodes an RNA-binding protein containing an RNA-recognition motif. Its expression has been described previously in Xenopus and in the developing heart of very young chicken embryos. We have analyzed the expression of cHermes in later heart development, where expression is maintained in the myocardium, and also in previously undescribed sites. cHermes expression first appears in the somites in the first terminally differentiated myocytes of both the epaxial and the hypaxial myotome. Expression is also seen in the primordium of the allantois and continues in the developing allantoic sac. cHermes expression in the pronephric and mesonephric kidneys coincides temporally and spatially with the appearance of the vascular components of the glomeruli. In addition, cHermes expression was seen in the mesoderm of the gut and in the notochord.

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Species referenced: Xenopus
Genes referenced: rbpms rbpms2 sacs

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	Figure 1. Expression of cHermes in the myotome. A: Chicken embryo at stage 14 with expression in the myotome in the first 11 (of 22) somites. B: Stage 17 chicken embryo. C: Stage 25 chicken embryo. D: Transverse section of stage 14 embryo with expression in the epaxial myotome (left panel) and the same section with the regions of the dermomyotome demarcated (right panel). E: Transverse section of stage 17 embryo at the level of the anterior region of the forelimbs. F: Transverse section of stage 25 embryo at the level of the hindlimbs. Expression is also seen in the heart, gut, and notochord. Black arrows, the intersomitic boundaries; white arrows, the anterior and posterior boundaries of expression in the myotome; black arrowheads, epaxial myotome; white arrowheads, hypaxial myotome; de, dermis; dm, dermomyotome; dml, dorsomedial lip of dermomyotome; gt, gut; hl, hindlimbs; ht, heart; nc, notochord; nt, neural tube; vll, ventrolateral lip of dermomyotome. Scale bars = 500 mu m in A,B,F, 1,000 mu m in C, 100 mu m in D,E.
	Figure 2. Expression of cHermes in the allantois. A: Ventral view of the posterior end of a 2.5 day (stage 17) embryo, with expression in the allantoic primordium. B: Ventral view of the posterior end of a 3 day (stage 18) embryo, with expression in the allantoic bud. C: A 3.5 day (stage 22) embryo, with expression in the allantoic sac. D: A 4.5 day (stage 24) embryo, with the allantoic sac and hindlimbs removed, showing patchy expression in the stalk of the allantois. E: Allantoic sacs taken from 4.5-5 day (stage 24-25) embryos, showing no cHermes expression. F: Transverse section through the posterior region of 3.5 day (stage 22) embryo, with expression in the splanchnic mesoderm of the allantois. G: Higher magnification section through the allantois of a 3.5 day (stage 22) embryo, showing expression confined to the splanchnic mesoderm. H: Transverse section through the stalk of the allantois of a 4.5-5 day (stage 25) embryo, showing patchy expression in the splanchnic mesoderm. Expression is also seen in the heart, myotome, and notochord. Arrow, allantois; black arrowheads, endoderm; white arrowheads, splanchnic mesoderm; bv, blood vessels; hg, hindgut; ht, heart; lu, lumen of allantois; m, myotome; nc, notochord. Scale bars = 500 mu m in A-F, 100 mu m in G,H.
	Figure 3. Expression of cHermes in the pronephric and mesonephric glomeruli. A: A stage 21 embryo, with the limb buds removed, showing expression in the glomerular primordia of the pro- and mesonephros. B: A ventral view of mesonephroi of a stage 25 embryo, with expression in the glomeruli. C: Transverse section through the mesonephric region of a stage 20 embryo, showing expression in the mesenchymal mass of the glomerular primordium (inset = same section at lower magnification with box indicating the region shown). D: A transverse section through the mesonephros of a stage 25 embryo, with expression in the capillary tuft of the glomerulus. Expression is also seen in the heart, myotome, and notochord. Arrows, glomeruli (or glomerular primordia); bc, Bowman's capsule; cv, cardinal vein; da, dorsal aorta; g, gonads; gl, glomerulus(i); ht, heart; m, myotome; mt, mesonephric tubule(s); nc, notochord; nd, nephric (Wolffian) duct; nt, neural tube. Scale bars = 500 mu m in A,B, 100 mu m in C,D.
	Figure 4. Expression of cHermes in the heart. A: A stage 14 embryo, with expression in all regions of the heart. B: A heart from a stage 23 embryo, with expression in all regions of the heart. C: Viscera from a stage 30 embryo, with expression in all regions of the heart, except for the outflow tract (bulbus arteriosus and truncus arteriosus). D,E: Transverse sections through the heart of stage 21 and stage 25 embryos, respectively, with expression in the myocardium of all regions of the heart. Expression is also seen in the foregut, including the esophagus, and the myotome. Arrows, endocardium; arrowheads, myocardium; a, atrium; ba, bulbus arteriosus; d, duodenum; ec, endocardial cushion; li, liver; lv, left ventricle; m, myotome; oe, esophagus; rv, right ventricle; sv, sinus venosus; ta, truncus arteriosus; v, ventricle; va, ventral aorta. Scale bars = 500 mu m.
	Figure 5. Expression of cHermes in the gut. A: A stage 25 embryo, showing expression in the midgut, including the caeca. B: Viscera from a stage 30 embryo, with expression in the foregut (esophagus, proventriculus, gizzard and duodenum). C: Left panel: transverse section through the hindlimb/tail region of a stage 25 embryo with expression in the splanchnic mesoderm of the rectum of the hindgut. Right panel: the same section at higher magnification, showing the region indicated by the box. Expression is also seen in the allantois, heart, myotome, notochord, and glomeruli of the mesonephros. Nonspecific staining, due to trapping of the riboprobe during whole-mount in situ analysis, is seen in the lungs. Arrow, splanchnic mesoderm of the gut; black arrowheads, midgut; white arrowhead, gut endoderm; a, atrium of the heart; al, allantois; ca, caeca; d, duodenum; gi, gizzard; gl, glomeruli of the mesonephros; ht, heart; li, liver; lg, lung; m, myotome; oe, esophagus; p, proventriculus; ys, yolk sac stalk. Scale bars = 500 mu m in A,B, C(left panel), 100 mu m in C(right panel).