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XB-ART-2181
Mech Dev 2005 Mar 01;1223:307-31. doi: 10.1016/j.mod.2004.11.008.
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Identification of novel genes affecting mesoderm formation and morphogenesis through an enhanced large scale functional screen in Xenopus.

Chen JA , Voigt J , Gilchrist M , Papalopulu N , Amaya E .


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The formation of mesoderm is an important developmental process of vertebrate embryos, which can be broken down into several steps; mesoderm induction, patterning, morphogenesis and differentiation. Although mesoderm formation in Xenopus has been intensively studied, much remains to be learned about the molecular events responsible for each of these steps. Furthermore, the interplay between mesoderm induction, patterning and morphogenesis remains obscure. Here, we describe an enhanced functional screen in Xenopus designed for large-scale identification of genes controlling mesoderm formation. In order to improve the efficiency of the screen, we used a Xenopus tropicalis unique set of cDNAs, highly enriched in full-length clones. The screening strategy incorporates two mesodermal markers, Xbra and Xmyf-5, to assay for cell fate specification and patterning, respectively. In addition we looked for phenotypes that would suggest effects in morphogenesis, such as gastrulation defects and shortened anterior-posterior axis. Out of 1728 full-length clones we isolated 82 for their ability to alter the phenotype of tadpoles and/or the expression of Xbra and Xmyf-5. Many of the clones gave rise to similar misexpression phenotypes (synphenotypes) and many of the genes within each synphenotype group appeared to be involved in similar pathways. We determined the expression pattern of the 82 genes and found that most of the genes were regionalized and expressed in mesoderm. We expect that many of the genes identified in this screen will be important in mesoderm formation.

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Species referenced: Xenopus tropicalis
Genes referenced: astl2c bix1 calu camp ccndx cdx2 cdx4 chrd crx dcun1d3 dlx5 dnajc19 etv1 eya1 foxa1 foxa4 foxd4l1 foxh1 foxi2 gal.2 gata4 gna11 gnaq gtf2h5 hand1 hes4 hes5.10 hey1 hmbs hmbs.2 hnrnpu hoxd1 inka1 itgb1bp2 laptm4a mef2d mespb msantd4 msx1 myb myf5 nodal nucks1 osr1 ovol2 pax3 pdlim5 pes1 ppp1r14b prkaca rhou serbp1 serpine1 sfrp1 shh sox21 spry2 srsf12 tbx6 tbxt tcf3 tcf7l1 tra2a unc13b vangl2 vegt wnt11b ywhae znf326 znf84


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