Click here to close
Hello! We notice that you are using Internet Explorer, which is not supported by Xenbase and may cause the site to display incorrectly.
We suggest using a current version of Chrome,
FireFox, or Safari.
???displayArticle.abstract???
Transit into interphase of the first mitotic cell cycle in amphibian eggs is a process referred to as activation and is accompanied by an increase in intracellular free calcium [( Ca2+]i), which may be transduced into cytoplasmic events characteristic of interphase by protein kinase C (PKC). To investigate the respective roles of [Ca2+]i and PKC in Xenopus laevis egg activation, the calcium signal was blocked by microinjection of the calcium chelator BAPTA, or the activity of PKC was blocked by PKC inhibitors sphingosine or H7. Eggs were then challenged for activation by treatment with either calcium ionophore A23187 or the PKC activator PMA. BAPTA prevented cortical contraction, cortical granule exocytosis, and cleavage furrow formation in eggs challenged with A23187 but not with PMA. In contrast, sphingosine and H7 inhibited cortical granule exocytosis, cortical contraction, and cleavage furrow formation in eggs challenged with either A23187 or PMA. Measurement of egg [Ca2+]i with calcium-sensitive electrodes demonstrated that PMA treatment does not increase egg [Ca2+]i in BAPTA-injected eggs. Further, PMA does not increase [Ca2+]i in eggs that have not been injected with BAPTA. These results show that PKC acts downstream of the [Ca2+]i increase to induce cytoplasmic events of the first Xenopus mitotic cell cycle.
Albert,
Diacylglycerol increases cytosolic free Ca2+ concentration in rat pituitary cells. Relationship to thyrotropin-releasing hormone action.
1987, Pubmed
Albert,
Diacylglycerol increases cytosolic free Ca2+ concentration in rat pituitary cells. Relationship to thyrotropin-releasing hormone action.
1987,
Pubmed
Berridge,
Inositol trisphosphate and diacylglycerol: two interacting second messengers.
1987,
Pubmed
Busa,
An elevated free cytosolic Ca2+ wave follows fertilization in eggs of the frog, Xenopus laevis.
1985,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Busa,
Measuring intracellular free Ca2+ with single- and double- barreled ion-specific microelectrodes.
1986,
Pubmed
Busa,
Activation of frog (Xenopus laevis) eggs by inositol trisphosphate. I. Characterization of Ca2+ release from intracellular stores.
1985,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Charbonneau,
The onset of activation responsiveness during maturation coincides with the formation of the cortical endoplasmic reticulum in oocytes of Xenopus laevis.
1984,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Cheung,
Calmodulin plays a pivotal role in cellular regulation.
1980,
Pubmed
Christensen,
Role of soluble myosin in cortical contractions of Xenopus eggs.
,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Ciapa,
Two phases of inositol polyphosphate and diacylglycerol production at fertilisation.
1986,
Pubmed
Ciapa,
Structural modifications induced by TPA (12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate) in sea urchin eggs.
1988,
Pubmed
Colonna,
Effects of protein kinase C stimulation and free Ca2+ rise in mammalian egg activation.
1989,
Pubmed
Coussens,
Multiple, distinct forms of bovine and human protein kinase C suggest diversity in cellular signaling pathways.
1986,
Pubmed
Cuthbertson,
Free Ca2+ increases in exponential phases during mouse oocyte activation.
1981,
Pubmed
Cuthbertson,
Phorbol ester and sperm activate mouse oocytes by inducing sustained oscillations in cell Ca2+.
,
Pubmed
DeRiemer,
Enhancement of calcium current in Aplysia neurones by phorbol ester and protein kinase C.
,
Pubmed
Dinsmore,
Calcium and calmodulin-dependent phosphorylation of a 62 kd protein induces microtubule depolymerization in sea urchin mitotic apparatuses.
1988,
Pubmed
Di Virgilio,
Protein kinase C activation of physiological processes in human neutrophils at vanishingly small cytosolic Ca2+ levels.
,
Pubmed
Endo,
Effects of phorbol esters and a diacylglycerol on mouse eggs: inhibition of fertilization and modification of the zona pellucida.
1987,
Pubmed
Gilkey,
A free calcium wave traverses the activating egg of the medaka, Oryzias latipes.
1978,
Pubmed
Gingell,
Contractile responses at the surface of an amphibian egg.
1970,
Pubmed
Grey,
Formation and structure of the fertilization envelope in Xenopus laevis.
1974,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Hepler,
Free calcium increases during anaphase in stamen hair cells of Tradescantia.
1987,
Pubmed
Hepler,
Calcium restriction prolongs metaphase in dividing Tradescantia stamen hair cells.
1985,
Pubmed
Hidaka,
Isoquinolinesulfonamides, novel and potent inhibitors of cyclic nucleotide dependent protein kinase and protein kinase C.
1984,
Pubmed
Hirota,
Hormone-induced redistribution of calcium-activated phospholipid-dependent protein kinase in pituitary gonadotrophs.
1985,
Pubmed
Hollinger,
"Cleavage" and cortical granule breakdown in Rana pipiens oocytes induced by direct microinjection of calcium.
1976,
Pubmed
Housey,
Isolation of cDNA clones encoding protein kinase C: evidence for a protein kinase C-related gene family.
1987,
Pubmed
Ito,
Immunocytochemical evidence for translocation of protein kinase C in human megakaryoblastic leukemic cells: synergistic effects of Ca2+ and activators of protein kinase C on the plasma membrane association.
1988,
Pubmed
Izant,
The role of calcium ions during mitosis. Calcium participates in the anaphase trigger.
1983,
Pubmed
Jaffe,
Sources of calcium in egg activation: a review and hypothesis.
1983,
Pubmed
Karsenti,
Interconversion of metaphase and interphase microtubule arrays, as studied by the injection of centrosomes and nuclei into Xenopus eggs.
1984,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Kikkawa,
The protein kinase C family: heterogeneity and its implications.
1989,
Pubmed
Kline,
Calcium-dependent events at fertilization of the frog egg: injection of a calcium buffer blocks ion channel opening, exocytosis, and formation of pronuclei.
1988,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Kubota,
Free calcium wave upon activation in Xenopus eggs.
1987,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Larsen,
Quin2-induced metaphase arrest in stamen hair cells can be reversed by 1,2-dioctanoylglycerol but not by 1,3-dioctanoylglycerol.
1989,
Pubmed
Leach,
Type 3 protein kinase C localization to the nuclear envelope of phorbol ester-treated NIH 3T3 cells.
1989,
Pubmed
Löffelholz,
Receptor regulation of choline phospholipid hydrolysis. A novel source of diacylglycerol and phosphatidic acid.
1989,
Pubmed
Lohka,
Effects of Ca2+ ions on the formation of metaphase chromosomes and sperm pronuclei in cell-free preparations from unactivated Rana pipiens eggs.
1984,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Miyazaki,
Temporal and spatial dynamics of the periodic increase in intracellular free calcium at fertilization of golden hamster eggs.
1986,
Pubmed
Nuccitelli,
The wave of activation current in the egg of the medaka fish.
1987,
Pubmed
Nuccitelli,
A highly localized activation current yet widespread intracellular calcium increase in the egg of the frog, Discoglossus pictus.
1988,
Pubmed
Pace,
Influence of a tumor-promoting phorbol ester on the electrical response of B-cells to glucose and glyburide.
1984,
Pubmed
Picard,
Inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate microinjection triggers activation, but not meiotic maturation in amphibian and starfish oocytes.
1985,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Poenie,
Changes of free calcium levels with stages of the cell division cycle.
,
Pubmed
Poenie,
Calcium rises abruptly and briefly throughout the cell at the onset of anaphase.
1986,
Pubmed
Ratan,
Long-lasting and rapid calcium changes during mitosis.
1988,
Pubmed
Ratan,
Transition from metaphase to anaphase is accompanied by local changes in cytoplasmic free calcium in Pt K2 kidney epithelial cells.
1986,
Pubmed
Schroeder,
Ionophore A23187, calcium and contractility in frog eggs.
1974,
Pubmed
Shen,
1,2-Diacylglycerols mimic phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate activation of the sea urchin egg.
1986,
Pubmed
Shen,
Na+-H+ antiport during fertilization of the sea urchin egg is blocked by W-7 but is insensitive to K252a and H-7.
1989,
Pubmed
Silver,
Nuclear envelope breakdown and mitosis in sand dollar embryos is inhibited by microinjection of calcium buffers in a calcium-reversible fashion, and by antagonists of intracellular Ca2+ channels.
1989,
Pubmed
Steinhardt,
Intracellular calcium release at fertilization in the sea urchin egg.
1977,
Pubmed
Steinhardt,
Is calcium ionophore a universal activator for unfertilised eggs?
1974,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Swann,
The part played by inositol trisphosphate and calcium in the propagation of the fertilization wave in sea urchin eggs.
1986,
Pubmed
Tombes,
Intracellular free calcium and mitosis in mammalian cells: anaphase onset is calcium modulated, but is not triggered by a brief transient.
1989,
Pubmed
Wallace,
Protein incorporation by isolated amphibian oocytes. 3. Optimum incubation conditions.
1973,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Wolf,
The cortical granule reaction in living eggs of the toad, Xenopus laevis.
1974,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Wolniak,
The buffering of calcium with quin2 reversibly forestalls anaphase onset in stamen hair cells of Tradescantia.
1985,
Pubmed
