Click here to close
Hello! We notice that you are using Internet Explorer, which is not supported by Xenbase and may cause the site to display incorrectly.
We suggest using a current version of Chrome,
FireFox, or Safari.
Biophys J
2008 Dec 15;9512:5757-65. doi: 10.1529/biophysj.108.133488.
Show Gene links
Show Anatomy links
Magainin 2 in action: distinct modes of membrane permeabilization in living bacterial and mammalian cells.
Imura Y
,
Choda N
,
Matsuzaki K
.
???displayArticle.abstract???
Interactions of cationic antimicrobial peptides with living bacterial and mammalian cells are little understood, although model membranes have been used extensively to elucidate how peptides permeabilize membranes. In this study, the interaction of F5W-magainin 2 (GIGKWLHSAKKFGKAFVGEIMNS), an equipotent analogue of magainin 2 isolated from the African clawed frog Xenopus laevis, with unfixed Bacillus megaterium and Chinese hamster ovary (CHO)-K1 cells was investigated, using confocal laser scanning microscopy. A small amount of tetramethylrhodamine-labeled F5W-magainin 2 was incorporated into the unlabeled peptide for imaging. The influx of fluorescent markers of various sizes into the cytosol revealed that magainin 2 permeabilized bacterial and mammalian membranes in significantly different ways. The peptide formed pores with a diameter of approximately 2.8 nm (< 6.6 nm) in B. megaterium, and translocated into the cytosol. In contrast, the peptide significantly perturbed the membrane of CHO-K1 cells, permitting the entry of a large molecule (diameter, >23 nm) into the cytosol, accompanied by membrane budding and lipid flip-flop, mainly accumulating in mitochondria and nuclei. Adenosine triphosphate and negatively charged glycosaminoglycans were little involved in the magainin-induced permeabilization of membranes in CHO-K1 cells. Furthermore, the susceptibility of CHO-K1 cells to magainin was found to be similar to that of erythrocytes. Thus, the distinct membrane-permeabilizing processes of magainin 2 in bacterial and mammalian cells were, to the best of our knowledge, visualized and characterized in detail for the first time.
Andree,
Binding of vascular anticoagulant alpha (VAC alpha) to planar phospholipid bilayers.
1990, Pubmed
Andree,
Binding of vascular anticoagulant alpha (VAC alpha) to planar phospholipid bilayers.
1990,
Pubmed
Armstrong,
The hydrodynamic radii of macromolecules and their effect on red blood cell aggregation.
2004,
Pubmed
Balasubramanian,
Aminophospholipid asymmetry: A matter of life and death.
2003,
Pubmed
Barańska-Rybak,
Glycosaminoglycans inhibit the antibacterial activity of LL-37 in biological fluids.
2006,
Pubmed
Bevers,
Lipid translocation across the plasma membrane of mammalian cells.
1999,
Pubmed
de Kroon,
The pH dependence of headgroup and acyl chain structure and dynamics of phosphatidylserine, studied by 2H-NMR.
1990,
Pubmed
den Hertog,
Candidacidal effects of two antimicrobial peptides: histatin 5 causes small membrane defects, but LL-37 causes massive disruption of the cell membrane.
2005,
Pubmed
den Kamp JA,
Studies of the phospholipids and morphology of protoplasts of Bacillus megaterium.
1967,
Pubmed
Haidekker,
Cell membrane fluidity changes and membrane undulations observed using a laser scattering technique.
2004,
Pubmed
Hallock,
MSI-78, an analogue of the magainin antimicrobial peptides, disrupts lipid bilayer structure via positive curvature strain.
2003,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Hancock,
Antimicrobial and host-defense peptides as new anti-infective therapeutic strategies.
2006,
Pubmed
Hasper,
An alternative bactericidal mechanism of action for lantibiotic peptides that target lipid II.
2006,
Pubmed
Haukland,
The antimicrobial peptides lactoferricin B and magainin 2 cross over the bacterial cytoplasmic membrane and reside in the cytoplasm.
2001,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Henriques,
Cell-penetrating peptides and antimicrobial peptides: how different are they?
2006,
Pubmed
Hrafnsdóttir,
Transbilayer movement of fluorescent phospholipids in Bacillus megaterium membrane vesicles.
1997,
Pubmed
Huang,
Molecular mechanism of antimicrobial peptides: the origin of cooperativity.
2006,
Pubmed
Imura,
Action mechanism of tachyplesin I and effects of PEGylation.
2007,
Pubmed
Klocek,
Melittin interaction with sulfated cell surface sugars.
2008,
Pubmed
Kobayashi,
Membrane translocation mechanism of the antimicrobial peptide buforin 2.
2004,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Koenig,
Fates of endocytosed somatostatin sst2 receptors and associated agonists.
1998,
Pubmed
Lau,
Interaction and cellular localization of the human host defense peptide LL-37 with lung epithelial cells.
2005,
Pubmed
Lehmann,
Antitumor activity of the antimicrobial peptide magainin II against bladder cancer cell lines.
2006,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Ludtke,
Membrane pores induced by magainin.
1996,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Lundberg,
Positively charged DNA-binding proteins cause apparent cell membrane translocation.
2002,
Pubmed
Maher,
Investigation of the cytotoxicity of eukaryotic and prokaryotic antimicrobial peptides in intestinal epithelial cells in vitro.
2006,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Mangoni,
Effects of the antimicrobial peptide temporin L on cell morphology, membrane permeability and viability of Escherichia coli.
2004,
Pubmed
Martin,
Early redistribution of plasma membrane phosphatidylserine is a general feature of apoptosis regardless of the initiating stimulus: inhibition by overexpression of Bcl-2 and Abl.
1995,
Pubmed
Matsuzaki,
Magainins as paradigm for the mode of action of pore forming polypeptides.
1998,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Matsuzaki,
Physicochemical determinants for the interactions of magainins 1 and 2 with acidic lipid bilayers.
1991,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Matsuzaki,
Orientational and aggregational states of magainin 2 in phospholipid bilayers.
1994,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Matsuzaki,
Molecular basis for membrane selectivity of an antimicrobial peptide, magainin 2.
1995,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Matsuzaki,
Transbilayer transport of ions and lipids coupled with mastoparan X translocation.
1996,
Pubmed
Matsuzaki,
Interactions of an antimicrobial peptide, magainin 2, with outer and inner membranes of Gram-negative bacteria.
1997,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Matsuzaki,
Relationship of membrane curvature to the formation of pores by magainin 2.
1998,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Nagan,
Isolation of a Chinese hamster fibroblast variant defective in dihydroxyacetonephosphate acyltransferase activity and plasmalogen biosynthesis: use of a novel two-step selection protocol.
1998,
Pubmed
Poon,
Cell-surface proteoglycans as molecular portals for cationic peptide and polymer entry into cells.
2007,
Pubmed
Powers,
The antimicrobial peptide polyphemusin localizes to the cytoplasm of Escherichia coli following treatment.
2006,
Pubmed
Rinaldi,
Temporin L: antimicrobial, haemolytic and cytotoxic activities, and effects on membrane permeabilization in lipid vesicles.
2002,
Pubmed
Sadler,
Translocating proline-rich peptides from the antimicrobial peptide bactenecin 7.
2002,
Pubmed
Sandgren,
The human antimicrobial peptide LL-37 transfers extracellular DNA plasmid to the nuclear compartment of mammalian cells via lipid rafts and proteoglycan-dependent endocytosis.
2004,
Pubmed
Sato,
Osmoprotection of bacterial cells from toxicity caused by antimicrobial hybrid peptide CM15.
2006,
Pubmed
Shai,
Mechanism of the binding, insertion and destabilization of phospholipid bilayer membranes by alpha-helical antimicrobial and cell non-selective membrane-lytic peptides.
1999,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Song,
Cell selectivity and mechanism of action of antimicrobial model peptides containing peptoid residues.
2005,
Pubmed
Subbalakshmi,
Requirements for antibacterial and hemolytic activities in the bovine neutrophil derived 13-residue peptide indolicidin.
1996,
Pubmed
Tachi,
Position-dependent hydrophobicity of the antimicrobial magainin peptide affects the mode of peptide-lipid interactions and selective toxicity.
2002,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Takeshima,
Translocation of analogues of the antimicrobial peptides magainin and buforin across human cell membranes.
2003,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Tomasinsig,
Mechanistic and functional studies of the interaction of a proline-rich antimicrobial peptide with mammalian cells.
2006,
Pubmed
Veerman,
Energy depletion protects Candida albicans against antimicrobial peptides by rigidifying its cell membrane.
2007,
Pubmed
Virtanen,
Phospholipid composition of the mammalian red cell membrane can be rationalized by a superlattice model.
1998,
Pubmed
Wade,
All-D amino acid-containing channel-forming antibiotic peptides.
1990,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Wurth,
Evidence that cytosolic calcium increases are not sufficient to stimulate phospholipid scrambling in human T-lymphocytes.
2002,
Pubmed
Yang,
Barrel-stave model or toroidal model? A case study on melittin pores.
2001,
Pubmed
Zasloff,
Antimicrobial activity of synthetic magainin peptides and several analogues.
1988,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Zasloff,
Antimicrobial peptides of multicellular organisms.
2002,
Pubmed
Zasloff,
Magainins, a class of antimicrobial peptides from Xenopus skin: isolation, characterization of two active forms, and partial cDNA sequence of a precursor.
1987,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
