XB-ART-43547
Dev Cell
2011 Jul 19;211:172-85. doi: 10.1016/j.devcel.2011.06.016.
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The cellular basis for animal regeneration.
Tanaka EM
,
Reddien PW
.
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The ability of animals to regenerate missing parts is a dramatic and poorly understood aspect of biology. The sources of new cells for these regenerative phenomena have been sought for decades. Recent advances involving cell fate tracking in complex tissues have shed new light on the cellular underpinnings of regeneration in Hydra, planarians, zebrafish, Xenopus, and Axolotl. Planarians accomplish regeneration with use of adult pluripotent stem cells, whereas several vertebrates utilize a collection of lineage-restricted progenitors from different tissues. Together, an array of cellular strategies-from pluripotent stem cells to tissue-specific stem cells and dedifferentiation-are utilized for regeneration.
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???displayArticle.grants??? [+]
R01 GM080639-01A1 NIGMS NIH HHS , R01 GM080639-02 NIGMS NIH HHS , R01 GM080639-03 NIGMS NIH HHS , R01 GM080639-04 NIGMS NIH HHS , R01 GM080639-05 NIGMS NIH HHS , R01 GM080639 NIGMS NIH HHS
Species referenced: Xenopus
Genes referenced: kcnt1 tbx2
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Figure 4. Cell Tracking of GFP-Labeled Cells in Amphibians Shows that Vertebrate Appendage Regeneration Occurs by Producing Lineage-Restricted Progenitors in the Xenopus Tail and Axolotl Limb Blastema Cell labeling was primarily achieved via grafting of embryonic tissues during the neurula stage from GFP-expressing donors to normal hosts. (Top) Xenopus: posterior neural plate, presomitic mesoderm, and notochord were transplanted to label tail spinal cord, muscle, and notochord, respectively. After tail amputation, the labeled tissues regenerated the same tissue type as prior to amputation (Gargioli and Slack, 2004). (Bottom) Axolotl limb Schwann cells and muscle were labeled by embryonic presomitic mesoderm and neural crest transplantation (Kragl et al., 2009). Dermis and cartilage were labeled by direct tissue transplantation in the limb, as well as embryonic tissue grafts (Kragl et al., 2009). After limb ampu- tation, labeled Schwann cells regenerated Schwann cells only. Muscle regenerated muscle and no cartilage. Dermis regenerated dermis, cartilage and connective tissues (also described by Dunis and Namenwirth [1977]), while cartilage regenerated cartilage (also described by Steen [1968]). |
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