Click here to close
Hello! We notice that you are using Internet Explorer, which is not supported by Xenbase and may cause the site to display incorrectly.
We suggest using a current version of Chrome,
FireFox, or Safari.
???displayArticle.abstract???
Noncoding Y RNAs are essential for the initiation of chromosomal DNA replication in mammalian cell extracts, but their role in this process during early vertebrate development is unknown. Here, we use antisense morpholino nucleotides (MOs) to investigate Y RNA function in Xenopus laevis and zebrafish embryos. We show that embryos in which Y RNA function is inhibited by MOs develop normally until the midblastula transition (MBT) but then fail to replicate their DNA and die before gastrulation. Consistent with this observation, Y RNA function is not required for DNA replication in Xenopus egg extracts but is required for replication in a post-MBT cell line. Y RNAs do not bind chromatin in karyomeres before MBT, but they associate with interphase nuclei after MBT in an origin recognition complex (ORC)-dependent manner. Y RNA-specific MOs inhibit the association of Y RNAs with ORC, Cdt1, and HMGA1a proteins, suggesting that these molecular associations are essential for Y RNA function in DNA replication. The MBT is thus a transition point between Y RNA-independent and Y RNA-dependent control of vertebrate DNA replication. Our data suggest that in vertebrates Y RNAs function as a developmentally regulated layer of control over the evolutionarily conserved eukaryotic DNA replication machinery.
Aladjem,
Replication in context: dynamic regulation of DNA replication patterns in metazoans.
2007, Pubmed
Aladjem,
Replication in context: dynamic regulation of DNA replication patterns in metazoans.
2007,
Pubmed
Amaral,
Noncoding RNA in development.
2008,
Pubmed
Arias,
Initiation of DNA replication in Xenopus egg extracts.
2004,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Arias,
Strength in numbers: preventing rereplication via multiple mechanisms in eukaryotic cells.
2007,
Pubmed
Blow,
Chromosome replication in cell-free systems from Xenopus eggs.
1987,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Blow,
Initiation of DNA replication in nuclei and purified DNA by a cell-free extract of Xenopus eggs.
1986,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
BROWN,
RNA SYNTHESIS DURING THE DEVELOPMENT OF XENOPUS LAEVIS, THE SOUTH AFRICAN CLAWED TOAD.
1964,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Carthew,
Origins and Mechanisms of miRNAs and siRNAs.
2009,
Pubmed
Chen,
The Ro 60 kDa autoantigen: insights into cellular function and role in autoimmunity.
2004,
Pubmed
Christov,
Functional requirement of noncoding Y RNAs for human chromosomal DNA replication.
2006,
Pubmed
Christov,
Noncoding human Y RNAs are overexpressed in tumours and required for cell proliferation.
2008,
Pubmed
Donti,
Differential targeting of Tetrahymena ORC to ribosomal DNA and non-rDNA replication origins.
2009,
Pubmed
Eisen,
Controlling morpholino experiments: don't stop making antisense.
2008,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Ellison,
Developmental changes in keratin patterns during epidermal maturation.
1985,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Farris,
Y3 is the most conserved small RNA component of Ro ribonucleoprotein complexes in vertebrate species.
1995,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Fuchs,
Structural and biochemical basis for misfolded RNA recognition by the Ro autoantigen.
2006,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Gardiner,
A conserved motif of vertebrate Y RNAs essential for chromosomal DNA replication.
2009,
Pubmed
Gilbert,
Site-specific initiation of DNA replication in Xenopus egg extract requires nuclear structure.
1995,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Harland,
Regulated replication of DNA microinjected into eggs of Xenopus laevis.
1980,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Hogg,
Structured non-coding RNAs and the RNP Renaissance.
2008,
Pubmed
Hyrien,
Chromosomal replication initiates and terminates at random sequences but at regular intervals in the ribosomal DNA of Xenopus early embryos.
1993,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Hyrien,
Transition in specification of embryonic metazoan DNA replication origins.
1995,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Keller,
Site-specific and temporally controlled initiation of DNA replication in a human cell-free system.
2002,
Pubmed
Krieg,
Developmental regulation of a gastrula-specific gene injected into fertilized Xenopus eggs.
1985,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Krude,
Initiation of chromosomal DNA replication in mammalian cell-free systems.
2006,
Pubmed
Krude,
Non-coding RNAs: new players in the field of eukaryotic DNA replication.
2010,
Pubmed
Krude,
Y RNA functions at the initiation step of mammalian chromosomal DNA replication.
2009,
Pubmed
Krude,
Initiation of human DNA replication in vitro using nuclei from cells arrested at an initiation-competent state.
2000,
Pubmed
Langley,
Ribonucleoprotein particles containing non-coding Y RNAs, Ro60, La and nucleolin are not required for Y RNA function in DNA replication.
2010,
Pubmed
Lemaitre,
Dynamics of the genome during early Xenopus laevis development: karyomeres as independent units of replication.
1998,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Leno,
The nuclear membrane prevents replication of human G2 nuclei but not G1 nuclei in Xenopus egg extract.
1992,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Marheineke,
Use of DNA combing to study DNA replication in Xenopus and human cell-free systems.
2009,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Mathews,
Expanded sequence dependence of thermodynamic parameters improves prediction of RNA secondary structure.
1999,
Pubmed
Méchali,
Eukaryotic DNA replication origins: many choices for appropriate answers.
2010,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Méchali,
Lack of specific sequence requirement for DNA replication in Xenopus eggs compared with high sequence specificity in yeast.
1984,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Minshull,
Translation of cyclin mRNA is necessary for extracts of activated xenopus eggs to enter mitosis.
1989,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Mohammad,
Tetrahymena ORC contains a ribosomal RNA fragment that participates in rDNA origin recognition.
2007,
Pubmed
Montag,
Structural analysis of the mitotic cycle in pre-gastrula Xenopus embryos.
1988,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Mosig,
Evolution of the vertebrate Y RNA cluster.
2007,
Pubmed
Murray,
Cell cycle extracts.
1991,
Pubmed
Nagai,
A variant of yellow fluorescent protein with fast and efficient maturation for cell-biological applications.
2002,
Pubmed
Newport,
A major developmental transition in early Xenopus embryos: I. characterization and timing of cellular changes at the midblastula stage.
1982,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Newport,
A major developmental transition in early Xenopus embryos: II. Control of the onset of transcription.
1982,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Norseen,
RNA-dependent recruitment of the origin recognition complex.
2008,
Pubmed
Norseen,
Role for G-quadruplex RNA binding by Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigen 1 in DNA replication and metaphase chromosome attachment.
2009,
Pubmed
O'Brien,
A possible role for the 60-kD Ro autoantigen in a discard pathway for defective 5S rRNA precursors.
1994,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Perreault,
Ro-associated Y RNAs in metazoans: evolution and diversification.
2007,
Pubmed
Ponting,
Evolution and functions of long noncoding RNAs.
2009,
Pubmed
Pruijn,
Ro RNP associated Y RNAs are highly conserved among mammals.
1993,
Pubmed
Rollins,
Morphogenesis and regulated gene activity are independent of DNA replication in Xenopus embryos.
1991,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Slack,
Regional biosynthetic markers in the early amphibian embryo.
1984,
Pubmed
Stein,
Structural insights into RNA quality control: the Ro autoantigen binds misfolded RNAs via its central cavity.
2005,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Szüts,
RPA is an initiation factor for human chromosomal DNA replication.
2003,
Pubmed
Szüts,
Distinct populations of human PCNA are required for initiation of chromosomal DNA replication and concurrent DNA repair.
2005,
Pubmed
Takeda,
DNA replication and progression through S phase.
2005,
Pubmed
Wolin,
The La protein.
2002,
Pubmed
Zhang,
Dynamic interaction of Y RNAs with chromatin and initiation proteins during human DNA replication.
2011,
Pubmed
Zuker,
Mfold web server for nucleic acid folding and hybridization prediction.
2003,
Pubmed
