Click here to close
Hello! We notice that you are using Internet Explorer, which is not supported by Xenbase and may cause the site to display incorrectly.
We suggest using a current version of Chrome,
FireFox, or Safari.
J Cell Biol
1996 Dec 01;1356 Pt 1:1457-70. doi: 10.1083/jcb.135.6.1457.
Show Gene links
Show Anatomy links
A novel ubiquitin-like modification modulates the partitioning of the Ran-GTPase-activating protein RanGAP1 between the cytosol and the nuclear pore complex.
???displayArticle.abstract??? Ran is a nuclear Ras-like GTPase that is required for the bidirectional transport of proteins and ribnucleoproteins across the nuclear pore complex (NPC). A key regulator of the Ran GTP/GDP cycle is the 70-kD Ran-GTPase-activating protein RanGAP1. Here, we report the identification and localization of a novel form of RanGAP1. Using peptide sequence analysis and specific mAbs, RanGAP1 was found to be modified by conjugation to a ubiquitin-like protein. Immunoblot analysis and immunolocalization by light and EM demonstrated that the 70-kD unmodified from of RanGAP1 is exclusively cytoplasmic, whereas the 90-kD modified form of RanGAP1 is associated with the cytoplasmic fibers of the NPC. The modified form of RanGAP1 also appeared to associated with the mitotic spindle apparatus during mitosis. These findings have specific implications for Ran function and broad implications for protein regulation by ubiquitin-like modifications. Moreover, the variety and function of ubiquitin-like protein modifications in the cell may be more diverse than previously realized.
Adam,
Nuclear protein import in permeabilized mammalian cells requires soluble cytoplasmic factors.
1990, Pubmed,
Xenbase
Adam,
Nuclear protein import in permeabilized mammalian cells requires soluble cytoplasmic factors.
1990,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Adam,
Identification of cytosolic factors required for nuclear location sequence-mediated binding to the nuclear envelope.
1994,
Pubmed
Beddow,
The Ran/TC4 GTPase-binding domain: identification by expression cloning and characterization of a conserved sequence motif.
1995,
Pubmed
Biggins,
Yeast ubiquitin-like genes are involved in duplication of the microtubule organizing center.
1996,
Pubmed
Bischoff,
Catalysis of guanine nucleotide exchange on Ran by the mitotic regulator RCC1.
1991,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Bischoff,
Human RanGTPase-activating protein RanGAP1 is a homologue of yeast Rna1p involved in mRNA processing and transport.
1995,
Pubmed
Bischoff,
RanGAP1 induces GTPase activity of nuclear Ras-related Ran.
1994,
Pubmed
Bischoff,
Co-activation of RanGTPase and inhibition of GTP dissociation by Ran-GTP binding protein RanBP1.
1995,
Pubmed
Bischoff,
A 47-kDa human nuclear protein recognized by antikinetochore autoimmune sera is homologous with the protein encoded by RCC1, a gene implicated in onset of chromosome condensation.
1990,
Pubmed
Blobel,
Nuclei from rat liver: isolation method that combines purity with high yield.
1966,
Pubmed
Boddy,
PIC 1, a novel ubiquitin-like protein which interacts with the PML component of a multiprotein complex that is disrupted in acute promyelocytic leukaemia.
1996,
Pubmed
Bourne,
The GTPase superfamily: conserved structure and molecular mechanism.
1991,
Pubmed
Chen,
Site-specific phosphorylation of IkappaBalpha by a novel ubiquitination-dependent protein kinase activity.
1996,
Pubmed
Chi,
Sequence and characterization of cytoplasmic nuclear protein import factor p97.
1995,
Pubmed
Choi,
Monoclonal antibody characterization of the C proteins of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein complexes in vertebrate cells.
1984,
Pubmed
Ciechanover,
The ubiquitin-proteasome proteolytic pathway.
1994,
Pubmed
Clarke,
Regulation of Cdc2/cyclin B activation by Ran, a Ras-related GTPase.
1995,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Compton,
NuMA is required for the proper completion of mitosis.
1993,
Pubmed
Coutavas,
Characterization of proteins that interact with the cell-cycle regulatory protein Ran/TC4.
1993,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Dasso,
RCC1 in the cell cycle: the regulator of chromosome condensation takes on new roles.
1993,
Pubmed
Davis,
Identification and characterization of a nuclear pore complex protein.
1986,
Pubmed
DeGregori,
A murine homolog of the yeast RNA1 gene is required for postimplantation development.
1994,
Pubmed
Dreyfuss,
Physical change in cytoplasmic messenger ribonucleoproteins in cells treated with inhibitors of mRNA transcription.
1984,
Pubmed
Dwyer,
A modified procedure for the isolation of a pore complex-lamina fraction from rat liver nuclei.
1976,
Pubmed
Egner,
The yeast multidrug transporter Pdr5 of the plasma membrane is ubiquitinated prior to endocytosis and degradation in the vacuole.
1996,
Pubmed
Enenkel,
Identification of a yeast karyopherin heterodimer that targets import substrate to mammalian nuclear pore complexes.
1995,
Pubmed
Feldherr,
Role of nuclear trafficking in regulating cellular activity.
1994,
Pubmed
Fernandez,
Internal protein sequence analysis: enzymatic digestion for less than 10 micrograms of protein bound to polyvinylidene difluoride or nitrocellulose membranes.
1992,
Pubmed
Galan,
Ubiquitination mediated by the Npi1p/Rsp5p ubiquitin-protein ligase is required for endocytosis of the yeast uracil permease.
1996,
Pubmed
Görlich,
Isolation of a protein that is essential for the first step of nuclear protein import.
1994,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Görlich,
Two different subunits of importin cooperate to recognize nuclear localization signals and bind them to the nuclear envelope.
1995,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Haas,
Functional characterization of the ubiquitin variant encoded by the baculovirus Autographa californica.
1996,
Pubmed
Hershko,
The ubiquitin system for protein degradation.
1992,
Pubmed
Hicke,
Ubiquitination of a yeast plasma membrane receptor signals its ligand-stimulated endocytosis.
1996,
Pubmed
Hopper,
The yeast RNA1 gene product necessary for RNA processing is located in the cytosol and apparently excluded from the nucleus.
1990,
Pubmed
Imamoto,
In vivo evidence for involvement of a 58 kDa component of nuclear pore-targeting complex in nuclear protein import.
1995,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Jentsch,
Selective protein degradation: a journey's end within the proteasome.
1995,
Pubmed
Kirkpatrick,
Overexpression of yeast homologs of the mammalian checkpoint gene RCC1 suppresses the class of alpha-tubulin mutations that arrest with excess microtubules.
1994,
Pubmed
Koepp,
Dynamic localization of the nuclear import receptor and its interactions with transport factors.
1996,
Pubmed
Kornbluth,
Evidence for a dual role for TC4 protein in regulating nuclear structure and cell cycle progression.
1994,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Kozak,
An analysis of vertebrate mRNA sequences: intimations of translational control.
1991,
Pubmed
Loeb,
The interferon-inducible 15-kDa ubiquitin homolog conjugates to intracellular proteins.
1992,
Pubmed
Lounsbury,
A family of proteins that stabilize the Ran/TC4 GTPase in its GTP-bound conformation.
1994,
Pubmed
Mannen,
Cloning and expression of human homolog HSMT3 to yeast SMT3 suppressor of MIF2 mutations in a centromere protein gene.
1996,
Pubmed
Melchior,
GTP hydrolysis by Ran occurs at the nuclear pore complex in an early step of protein import.
1995,
Pubmed
Melchior,
A functional homologue of the RNA1 gene product in Schizosaccharomyces pombe: purification, biochemical characterization, and identification of a leucine-rich repeat motif.
1993,
Pubmed
Melchior,
Inhibition of nuclear protein import by nonhydrolyzable analogues of GTP and identification of the small GTPase Ran/TC4 as an essential transport factor.
1993,
Pubmed
Meluh,
Evidence that the MIF2 gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae encodes a centromere protein with homology to the mammalian centromere protein CENP-C.
1995,
Pubmed
Moore,
The GTP-binding protein Ran/TC4 is required for protein import into the nucleus.
1993,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Moore,
Purification of a Ran-interacting protein that is required for protein import into the nucleus.
1994,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Moroianu,
Nuclear protein import: Ran-GTP dissociates the karyopherin alphabeta heterodimer by displacing alpha from an overlapping binding site on beta.
1996,
Pubmed
Moroianu,
Mammalian karyopherin alpha 1 beta and alpha 2 beta heterodimers: alpha 1 or alpha 2 subunit binds nuclear localization signal and beta subunit interacts with peptide repeat-containing nucleoporins.
1995,
Pubmed
Moroianu,
Previously identified protein of uncertain function is karyopherin alpha and together with karyopherin beta docks import substrate at nuclear pore complexes.
1995,
Pubmed
Nehrbass,
Role of the nuclear transport factor p10 in nuclear import.
1996,
Pubmed
Ohtsubo,
Isolation and characterization of the active cDNA of the human cell cycle gene (RCC1) involved in the regulation of onset of chromosome condensation.
1987,
Pubmed
Ohtsubo,
The RCC1 protein, a regulator for the onset of chromosome condensation locates in the nucleus and binds to DNA.
1989,
Pubmed
Paschal,
Identification of NTF2, a cytosolic factor for nuclear import that interacts with nuclear pore complex protein p62.
1995,
Pubmed
Paschal,
Nucleotide-specific interaction of Ran/TC4 with nuclear transport factors NTF2 and p97.
1996,
Pubmed
Radu,
Identification of a protein complex that is required for nuclear protein import and mediates docking of import substrate to distinct nucleoporins.
1995,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase
Rexach,
Protein import into nuclei: association and dissociation reactions involving transport substrate, transport factors, and nucleoporins.
1995,
Pubmed
Roth,
Ubiquitination of the yeast a-factor receptor.
1996,
Pubmed
Rout,
Pores for thought: nuclear pore complex proteins.
1994,
Pubmed
Rush,
The small nuclear GTPase Ran: how much does it run?
1996,
Pubmed
Sazer,
The search for the primary function of the Ran GTPase continues.
1996,
Pubmed
Schlesinger,
The complete amino acid sequence of ubiquitin, an adenylate cyclase stimulating polypeptide probably universal in living cells.
1975,
Pubmed
Strous,
The ubiquitin conjugation system is required for ligand-induced endocytosis and degradation of the growth hormone receptor.
1996,
Pubmed
Traglia,
Structural and functional analyses of Saccharomyces cerevisiae wild-type and mutant RNA1 genes.
1989,
Pubmed
Weis,
Identification of hSRP1 alpha as a functional receptor for nuclear localization sequences.
1995,
Pubmed
Wilkinson,
Roles of ubiquitinylation in proteolysis and cellular regulation.
1995,
Pubmed
Wu,
Nup358, a cytoplasmically exposed nucleoporin with peptide repeats, Ran-GTP binding sites, zinc fingers, a cyclophilin A homologous domain, and a leucine-rich region.
1995,
Pubmed
Yokoyama,
A giant nucleopore protein that binds Ran/TC4.
1995,
Pubmed
