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XB-ART-60417
Genet Med 2024 Feb 01;262:101023. doi: 10.1016/j.gim.2023.101023.
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Biallelic CRELD1 variants cause a multisystem syndrome, including neurodevelopmental phenotypes, cardiac dysrhythmias, and frequent infections.

Jeffries L , Mis EK , McWalter K , Donkervoort S , Brodsky NN , Carpier JM , Ji W , Ionita C , Roy B , Morrow JS , Darbinyan A , Iyer K , Aul RB , Banka S , Chao KR , Cobbold L , Cohen S , Custodio HM , Drummond-Borg M , Elmslie F , Finanger E , Hainline BE , Helbig I , Hewson S , Hu Y , Jackson A , Josifova D , Konstantino M , Leach ME , Mak B , McCormick D , McGee E , Nelson S , Nguyen J , Nugent K , Ortega L , Goodkin HP , Roeder E , Roy S , Sapp K , Saade D , Sisodiya SM , Stals K , Towner S , Wilson W , Deciphering Developmental Disorders , Genomics England Research Consortium , Undiagnosed Disease Network , Khokha MK , Bönnemann CG , Lucas CL , Lakhani SA .


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PURPOSE: We sought to delineate a multisystem disorder caused by recessive CRELD1 variants. METHODS: The impact of CRELD1 variants was characterized through an international collaboration utilizing next generation DNA sequencing, gene knockdown and protein overexpression in Xenopus tropicalis, and in vitro analysis of patient immune cells. RESULTS: Biallelic variants in CRELD1 were found in 18 participants from 14 families. Affected individuals displayed an array of phenotypes involving developmental delay, early-onset epilepsy, and hypotonia, with about half demonstrating cardiac arrhythmias and some experiencing recurrent infections. Most harbored a frameshift in trans with a missense allele, with one recurrent variant, p.(Cys192Tyr), identified in 10 families. X. tropicalis tadpoles with creld1 knockdown displayed developmental defects along with increased susceptibility to induced seizures compared to controls. Additionally, human CRELD1 harboring missense variants from affected individuals had reduced protein function, indicated by a diminished ability to induce craniofacial defects when overexpressed in X. tropicalis. Finally, baseline analyses of peripheral blood mononuclear cells showed similar proportions of immune cell subtypes in patients as compared to healthy donors. CONCLUSION: This patient cohort combined with experimental data provide evidence of a multisystem clinical syndrome mediated by recessive variants in CRELD1.

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Species referenced: Xenopus tropicalis
Genes referenced: creld1
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gRNAs referenced: creld1 gRNA1 creld1 gRNA2

???displayArticle.disOnts??? atrioventricular septal defect [+]
Phenotypes: Xtr Wt + creld1 CRISPR (Table 3) [+]
References [+] :
Al-Ali, A retrospective cohort analysis of the Yale pediatric genomics discovery program. 2022, Pubmed