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XB-ART-53019
Development 2017 Jan 15;1442:292-304. doi: 10.1242/dev.139220.
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High-throughput analysis reveals novel maternal germline RNAs crucial for primordial germ cell preservation and proper migration.

Owens DA , Butler AM , Aguero TH , Newman KM , Van Booven D , King ML .


Abstract
During oogenesis, hundreds of maternal RNAs are selectively localized to the animal or vegetal pole, including determinants of somatic and germline fates. Although microarray analysis has identified localized determinants, it is not comprehensive and is limited to known transcripts. Here, we utilized high-throughput RNA-sequencing analysis to comprehensively interrogate animal and vegetal pole RNAs in the fully grown Xenopus laevis oocyte. We identified 411 (198 annotated) and 27 (15 annotated) enriched mRNAs at the vegetal and animal pole, respectively. Ninety were novel mRNAs over 4-fold enriched at the vegetal pole and six were over 10-fold enriched at the animal pole. Unlike mRNAs, microRNAs were not asymmetrically distributed. Whole-mount in situ hybridization confirmed that all 17 selected mRNAs were localized. Biological function and network analysis of vegetally enriched transcripts identified protein-modifying enzymes, receptors, ligands, RNA-binding proteins, transcription factors and co-factors with five defining hubs linking 47 genes in a network. Initial functional studies of maternal vegetally localized mRNAs show that sox7 plays a novel and important role in primordial germ cell (PGC) development and that ephrinB1 (efnb1) is required for proper PGC migration. We propose potential pathways operating at the vegetal pole that highlight where future investigations might be most fruitful.

PubMed ID: 28096217
PMC ID: PMC5394755
Article link: Development
Grant support: [+]

Species referenced: Xenopus laevis
Genes referenced: a2m acaca acsl1 acvr1 adpgkl ank1 arid5b atp1b1 atrx bicc1 casp3.2 cbx7 cbx8 cdk5r2 cdr2l chek1 ciita cnot4 cnppd1 crebbp ctrl ctsc cyp17a1 dand5 dazl ddx25 dnd1 e2f1 eeig1 efnb1 erbb2 esrra fam168b farp2 fgfr2 fndc3a fzd8 gdf1 germes gk grip2 hook2 ifrd2 irf8 kif13b ldlrap1 mapk8 midn mov10 nanos1 otx1 papola paqr6 parn pcsk6 perp pgam1 pgat pgc pld1 plin2 pou2f1 ppp1r2 prkag1 prr11 prrg2 raver1 rbpms2 rhobtb2 rmdn3 rnf38 rras2 rtn3 senp1 sf3a1 slain1 slc12a9 slc18a2 sox7 spata13 spire1 srgap1 ssr1 sulf1 sybu tesk1 tesk2 ticrr timm8b tmem192 tmem65 tob2 trank1 trappc14 trib1 trim36 ube2d1 vcl vegt wasl wnk2 wnt1 wnt11b wwtr1 xkrx zfp36l2
Morpholinos: efnb1 MO1 otx1 MO1 sox7 MO2 wwtr1 MO1

GEO Series: GSE80971: NCBI

Article Images: [+] show captions
References [+] :
Ataman, Nuclear trafficking of Drosophila Frizzled-2 during synapse development requires the PDZ protein dGRIP. 2006, Pubmed