Figure 1. Inverse effectiveness persists at behavioral and network levels.(A) Diagram of behavioral experiment showing timing of auditory and visual stimulus delivery, see Methods for details. (B). Change in swimming speed in response to visual stimuli of varying contrasts, with and without subthreshold acoustic prestimulus. Notice that multisensory enhancement is only observed with low saliency stimuli. Mean and SD are plotted. Unisensory: 0%: 3.22 ± 0.25, 25%: 3.29 ± 0.36 cm/s, 50%: 3.7 ± 0.51, 100%: 4.76 ± 0.53 cm/s. Multisensory: 0%: 3.22 ± 0.27, 25%: 5.19 ± 0.62 cm/s, 50%: 3.88 ± 0.51 cm/s, 100%: 4.03 ± 0.34 cm/s. n = 37 tadpoles each receiving visual and multisensory stimuli across every randomly assigned contrast. Two-way analyses for Visual Condition Vs. Multisensory condition: 0%: p>0.999, t(144)=0.005431; 25%: p=0.0013, t(144)=3.684; 50%: p=0.9948, t(144)=0.3431; 100%: p=0.4994, t(144)=1.416. (C) MSIn for each contrast level. All individual responses, as well as mean and interquartile range are plotted. Mean and SD: 0%: 0.018 ± 0.05, 25%: 0.92 ± 0.244, 50%: 0.68 ± 0.25, 100%: 0.28 ± 0.18. n = 37 tadpoles as described in Figure 1B legend. One-way analyses for MSIn: 0% Vs. 25%: p=0.002, q(36)=3.703; 0% Vs. 50%: p=0.0345, q(36)=2.613; 0% Vs. 100%: p=0.3981, q(36)=1.357. (D) Distribution of cells across one tectum coded by response type and intensity. Color indicates primary modality; size indicates size of largest response. Inset: Fluorescent image of OGB1-AM loaded tectum. (E) Example responses to unisensory and multisensory stimuli indicating different types of multisensory interactions. (F) Plot of single modality response vs MSIn across 231 ROIs shows IE. Exponential fit = a(b*x); a = 27.21 (21.93, 32.5), b = −41.03 (−47.85,–34.21), Adjusted R2 = 0.575.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.25392.00210.7554/eLife.25392.003Figure 1—source data 1. Data for Figure 1.Excel table contains raw data points used to generate figure, organized by panel.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.25392.003
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