Fig. 7. Pharmacological inhibition of folate uptake systems affects Xenopus laevis neural tube formation. Embryos at stage 13 (14.75 hpf) were incubated with 100 nM-1.5 mM methotrexate (MTX), 1 nM-300 μM methotrexate ester, 1 nM-100 μM pyrimethamine, 100-500 μM trimetrexate or vehicle (control, 0.3% DMSO or saline). Embryos were fixed and photographed under a macroscope when controls reached neural tube closure, at stage 20 (22 hpf). Shown are representative examples. Arrowheads indicate defective neural tube closure. Rescue of 1.5 mM MTX-induced NTD phenotype was performed by preincubating two- to four-cell-stage embryos with 10 mM folinic acid (FA). Graph shows mean±s.e.m. percentage defective embryos; n≥6 independent experiments with n≥10 embryos per group, per experiment; *P<0.01; two-way ANOVA.
Image published in: Balashova OA et al. (2017)
Copyright © 2017. Image reproduced with permission of the publisher and the copyright holder. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License.
Permanent Image Page
Printer Friendly View
XB-IMG-159687