Fig. 1. Retinoic acid enhances the expression of xEmGCNF. Embryos were continuously treated with 1026 M RA from stage 8 until the stages indicated. (A) RA posteriorises the expression pattern of xEmGCNF. Dorsal views (DOR) of embryos subjected to whole mount in situ hybridization with xEmGCNF asRNA at developmental stages 12, 13 and 17 are shown. Ventral views (VEN) of stage 17 embryos are also shown. Anterior is at the top of each figure. Non-treated control embryos (CON, left panels), RA-treated specimens (RA, right panels). (B) RA shifts the peak of xEmGCNF transcription to an earlier developmental stage. Normalized GCNF-specific signals quantified by densitometry after RT-PCR of non-treated (CON) and RA-treated embryos (RA) at neurula stages 14, 17 and 20 were plotted. (C) The amount of xEmGCNF protein is enhanced by RA and reduced by Citral, an inhibitor of RA signaling. Protein extracts of nontreated (CON, lanes 1, 4, 7), RA-treated (RA, lanes 2, 5, 8) and citral-treated embryos (CI; lanes 3, 6, 9) at the indicated developmental stages were analyzed by Western blot for xEmGCNF (arrow) and nucleolin (arrowhead) as a loading control.
Image published in: Barreto G et al. (2003)
Copyright © 2003. Image reproduced with permission of the Publisher, Elsevier B. V.
| Gene | Synonyms | Species | Stage(s) | Tissue |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| nr6a1.S | gcnf, xEmGCNF, xGCNF | X. laevis | Throughout NF stage 12 | dorsal |
| nr6a1.S | gcnf, xEmGCNF, xGCNF | X. laevis | Throughout NF stage 13 | neural plate neuroectoderm |
| nr6a1.S | gcnf, xEmGCNF, xGCNF | X. laevis | Throughout NF stage 17 | neural plate chordal neural plate circumblastoporal collar |
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