Xenbase Image ID: 127992

Figure 7. Model of immunoglobulin natural history with mucosal IgX/A emerging in early tetrapodsA. Simplified phylogeny of vertebrates showing approximate emergence times of heavy chain isotypes. B. This analysis suggests that the isotype previously described as IgX in amphibians may be orthologous to IgA of warm blooded vertebrates (model adapted from M. Flajnik’s chapter of Fundamental Immunology, W. Paul editor). In addition to the isotypes extant in man, the immunoglobulin light chain-less IgNAR of cartilaginous fish and the mucosal IgZ/T of bony fish is also shown. Image published in: Mashoof S et al. (2013) Image downloaded from an Open Access article in PubMed Central. Image reproduced on Xenbase with permission of the publisher and the copyright holder. Larger Image Printer Friendly View

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